Wei Yuan

Wei Yuan , born Wei Yuanda , courtesy names Moshen and Hanshi , was a scholar from . He moved to Yangzhou in 1831, where he remained for the rest of his life. Wei obtained the provincial degree in the Imperial examinations and subsequently worked in the secretariat of several prominent statesmen, such as Lin Zexu. Wei was deeply concerned with the crisis facing China in the early 19th century; but, while he remained loyal to the Qing Dynasty, he also sketched a number of proposals for the improvement of the administration of the empire.

From an early age, Wei espoused the school of Confucianism and he also became a vocal member of the statecraft school, which advocated practial learning in opposition to the allegedly barren as represented by scholars like Dai Zhen. Among other things, Wei advocated sea transport of grain to the capital instead of using the and he also advocated a strengthening of the Qing Empire's frontier defense. In order to alleviate the demographic crisis in China proper, Wei also spoke in favor of large scale emigration of Han Chinese into Xinjiang.

Later in his career he became increasingly concerned with the threat from the s and maritime defense. ''Military history of the Qing Dynasty'' and a narrative work on the Opium War . Today, he is mostly known for his work from 1844, ''Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms'' , which consisted of Western material collected by Lin Zexu during and after the First Opium War.